Periodontitis is intricate & multi-factorial lesion. It is characterized by a group of inflammatory conditions in the periodontium which is caused by bacteria. Chronic inflammation is precise by B and T cells by the initiation in cytokine secretion, then osteoclastogenesis is modulated. The objective of the article briefly reviews the recent research and the consequence in B cell & T lymphocytes subsets, and the expression of cytokine seen in the morbific of the periodontitis. Gingival homeostasis is maintained by T reg (T regulatory), CD8+ T, and tissue-resident γδ, T cells plays a vital role in gingival hemostasis. Clinically healthy periodontium has a low percentage of memory B cells, evade bone damage due to subclinical inflammation. The RANKL -dependent method makes an alveolar bone loss and causes periodontitis. Stimulation of T and B lymphocytes subunits is one that causes either the seditious lesion will alleviate in chronic gingivitis or it may advance to a tissue destructive periodontitis

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