Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public trust in scientific findings, and that people receive credit for their ideas. The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) abides by its Code of Conduct and aims to adhere to its Best Practice Guidelines.
All manuscripts are subject to peer review and are expected to meet standards of academic excellence. If approved by the editor, submissions will be considered by peer-reviewers, whose identities will remain anonymous to the authors.
Our Research Integrity team will occasionally seek advice outside standard peer review, for example, on submissions with serious ethical, security, biosecurity, or societal implications. We may consult experts and the academic editor before deciding on appropriate actions, including but not limited to: recruiting reviewers with specific expertise, assessment by additional editors, and declining to further consider a submission.
Note 1: Publishing an article is not known as acceptance of its contents by journal.
Note 2: Do not write the statement of “Gift Authorship” and do not omit the statement of “Ghost Authorship”.
Author(s) should avoid the research and publication misconduct. If some cases of research and publication misconduct occur within each step of submission, review, edition or publication, journals have the right to legal action. The cases are listed as below:
Reviewers must consider the followings:
Reviewers must consider the followings: